E3 Expo highlights the struggle between HD DVD and Blu-ray

In recent years, the next generation of game consoles as the continuous surface, the annual Electronic Entertainment Expo E3 (Electic Entertainment Expo) show a giant stage game, this year has Sony's PS3 and Nintendo's Wii confrontation. However, the real affect people's or HD DVD and Blu-ray evolution of competition.

E3 2006: different from the past

E3, gamers around the world is undoubtedly the most concerned about the activities. The annual E3, gamers have to show the latest game technology, software and hardware equipment, from here we can clearly feel the game world, especially in the field of video game development and trend of the last two years a new generation of game consoles as floating out of the water, making E3 became the first publicity Challenge game consoles.
Figure 3 E3 2005 PS3 model on display, backplane interface, people watching feel dizzy - 2 HDMI, 3 Ethernet, two USB, one optical digital output, a composite AV output terminal.

May 10 in Los Angeles at E3, also added a Aspect, HD DVD and Blu-ray and that is competition. Historically, no big E3 show next to the CD-ROM format involving competition (the previous host competition, not competing disc formats, but have replaced old ones), which was unusual so let E3 2006.

PS2 release, it uses the CD after CD in the consumer electronics (CE) field has been unified disc format DVD (PS2 released in the first 5 years of the unification), but after the launch of the XBOX this is also based on DVD, from that point it, DVD is no longer the PS2 and XBOX an area of competition. 6 years later, however, the situation has changed, when the PS3 officially announced its configuration, launch date and price, we will find the competition in next-generation console, the DVD disc format after the obvious choice there is disagreement between (Sony's official PS3 release configuration to be released), Nintendo's Wii next-generation optical disc format does not support the plan, the main character falls on the PS3 and XBOX 360 (hereinafter referred to as the XO) who, given the PS2 was on the DVD a great impetus to support the PS3 Blu-ray HD DVD's XO and support Blu-ray and HD DVD is undoubtedly the focus of camp.



Figure 1 (PS3-UP.jpg) PS2's successor - PS3 final design can be seen from the graph, it uses a slot-in Blu-ray Disc-ROM drive.



Figure 2 PS3 finally released in two versions, left for the 20GB hard drive version, priced at 499 U.S. dollars, the right for the 60GB hard drive version, priced at 599 U.S. dollars, both in appearance the same, but have different interfaces and configuration .

PS3 Blu-ray burst on the scene towering soft decoding

Sony PlayStation in the field of TV Game is undoubtedly a resounding brand, the brand's appeal can be said to be far more than Sony's appeal in the CE field. The latest PS3 will undoubtedly be a brilliant continuation of the brand an important weapon, and when its at this E3, the listing plan and specific allocation and prices, we also have the basis of its analysis.

Then the PS3's capability to do? E3 this year brought us the ultimate answer - features are shrinking, prices were expected. When the clear after the date listed on their plans for Blu-ray promotion of the countdown of the ... ...

PS3 for Blu-ray camp has not say anything meaningful, from the Paramount had support from a single HD DVD to Blu-ray and HD DVD on the support of the attitude change, and the president of 20th Century Fox support Blu-ray in an interview about the reasons PS3 when all the factors mentioned, we can see it in the eyes of the status of content providers, and content providers of the importance for the disc format war is self-evident. Business is bullish on the issue of PS3 from the PS to the PS2 to see developed from a large consumer group, these people will be PS3 PS loyalists are likely to develop to the customer, Sony plans starting two million units in the PS3, is what Blu-ray or HD DVD players are no match figures (Toshiba's HD DVD players sold in the United States starting in a week from 10,000 to 15,000 and Taiwan).

PS3 here is clearly with the status of its games to promote the Blu-ray movie release, the first user is not necessarily aimed at the PS3's Blu-ray to go, but it is certainly directed against PS3 games to go, but the result is that the Blu-ray created a ready-made group of potential consumer Blu-ray Disc, CD-ROM to watch the film if such users, in addition to that Blu-ray DVD, so film distributors will not ignore the potential market created by the PS3. As a result of the original PS2 is already integrated CD successors, so promoting the DVD format is smooth sailing, PS3 Being caught among the disc format war, but its appeal to create a substantial consumer market is a Blu-ray easy, and it's games is to release Blu-ray disc, so PS3 was a curse until, really can not see the possibility of Blu-ray are dead - this is where the power of PS3.

PS3 will be available this November 11 and 17, one after another in Japan and the United States market, there are two versions, which Sony claims last year, XO will not engage in that kind of marketing has been different, but more controversy appeared in the PS3 itself hardware configuration.

Two versions of PS3, Sony people obviously feel the cost pressure, because the consoles at a loss to sell fine, but how much loss there is stress, and a console to sell 599 U.S. dollars is inconceivable, for Sony PS3 on the low version of the player like to save a lot of things, to launch the version of 499 U.S. dollars (in fact, believe that if the can down the case, Sony will certainly drop, but could not move it is down). Here we have to compare.

From the application point of view, Blu-ray, PS3 is clearly a purely "soft decode" players, by means of the powerful Cell processor performance, and the corresponding player (Sony has not released information) to complete the Blu-ray movies The play, including VC-1, AVC, MPEG-2 video and DD +, DTS-HD audio such as surround decoding, there is the blue-Java implementation of interactive features. Sony dares to do so, also showed the Cell's skill, but 256MB of main memory capacity will not become a bottleneck it? The first generation Toshiba HD DVD player using the Red Hat operating system (Linux), just deal with interactive features 1GB of memory on the configured, Broadcom's AVC/VC-1/MPEG-2 also a separate video decoder chip equipped with 64MB of DDR-400 memory. Of course, HD DVD with the iHD interactive environment, using a Blu-ray Blu-ray-Java, perhaps it will take up much less than the resources iHD instead.

20GB version for a lot of unhappy players is not HDMI, and dual HDMI port is also Sony has advertised the design, but now it appears the use of special composite AV output port design, the number of people are quite surprising. In fact, blame Sony, hanging high ahead of appetite, in fact, at the moment, there is no HDMI does not affect the high-definition (HD) signal output. This aspect will be further explored below.



Table 1 PS3 Technical Indicators

Note: Middle-earth is yellow marked difference of two versions of PS3 is worth noting that, PS3 CPU and GPU used in the frequency of this and not released, allegedly with the E3 2005 may also be announced in different.
Table 2 design between different versions PS3



Note: The first release from the design and comparison, we see the PS3 in the design of the degradation.
Possessed by way of HD DVD in the XBOX 360 Peripherals

XO had to ensure the progress and reasonable listing price, and do not rush to adopt the HD DVD, although the market before the XO, Microsoft will show its support of HD DVD's position. But the lack of the HD DVD of the XO, for a new generation of game consoles in terms of how much appear that something was lacking, especially when its biggest rival - PS3 Original Blu-ray, when matched with the disc format is not supported, at least people that short half-head.

Microsoft is certainly aware of its next-generation optical disc format for the living room on the XO strategic significance, at this E3, Microsoft has finally given the answer - with USB peripherals provide HD DVD player (Microsoft calls HD DVD Player, pay attention to its wording differences Drive).

HD DVD Player's design is simple, using USB 2.0 interface with the host connected to XO, but with the USB Hub has its own function, it provides two USB-A interface, to avoid connecting it, which leads to a host USB interface, XO the number of losses.
Figure 4 Microsoft vice president and head of interactive entertainment business Peter Moore Show XBOX 360-HD DVD player accessories, announced that the Christmas holidays this year (November to mid December) market, with the PS3 against the intent of self-evident.

Since the theoretical USB 2.0 transfer rate 48MB / s (8bit = 1Byte not by way of calculation, because USB is 10b/8b coding, use 480Mbps divided by 10 to calculate the true theoretical value), while the HD DVD a speed of rate of 4.5MB / s, so USB 2.0 will support the HD DVD read speed of 10X, and will not become the bottleneck of data transmission (watching HD DVD movies can only 1X). In the decoding side, from the cost considerations, the external player, they should not have AV output capability, only play a role in the original CD-ROM data read, spread through the USB host, and then use the host's processing capacity soft extract. XO's main CPU frequency is 3.2GHz, unified memory architecture (shared with the GPU) is the capacity of 512MB, I do not know can not be qualified for all of the HD DVD playback and interoperability, but Microsoft certainly have to do to develop a dedicated player. In addition, the attachment can also be controlled by XO unified remote control.

Microsoft's design from the point of view, should be a standard half-height HD DVD-ROM drive, if not I expected, may be NEC's HR-1100A, but the recent news that Microsoft is prepared to find that China Taiwan OEM partner products, so do not rule out a certain brand of China Taiwan Province of products (such as Lite), to reduce overall costs, ensuring the user's buying.

As for the price, half-built high-type HD DVD-ROM drive should cost between 100-150 U.S. dollars, to see how the final decision of the company. The time of writing this article news that Microsoft had before the E3 XBOX website, will be around 199 U.S. dollars, but during E3, the relevant information has disappeared from the XBOX website, it seems PS3 XO is in reference to the "offer" and be re-evaluated.

Christmas day when the war

Now we have to analyze XO PS3 and Blu-ray and HD DVD drive in terms of factors, PS3's market and XO-HD DVD attachment listing date could not help but reminds me of my Toshiba Digital Media Network Company Yoshihide Fujii released in Japan HD-XA1 HD DVD player when the position - and the blue end of the year see the outcome of competition. Seems to have expected the PS3 and the XO-HD DVD competition between, and this competition will undoubtedly determine the outcome of HD DVD and Blu-ray one of the key factors. The two sides of the launch date, are set in the 2006 Christmas holidays, we may say, HD DVD and Blu-ray will be between the fight started at the time, compared to the previous HD DVD player, notebook computer and Blu-ray player to market can only be considered a kind of warm bedding.

Many people worry about 499 U.S. dollars of the PS3 and the XO-HD DVD Without HDMI interface, it is not output Full HD images (resolution of 1920 脳 1080, i and p have do not care), can only get 960 脳 540 resolution, so have expressed no interest, but if this is the case, then Sony and Microsoft really is crazy. In fact, from the latest AACS (Advanced Access Content System, HD DVD and Blu-ray shared copyright protection system) to set terms, can not pass HD component video output signal, depends on the producers when the production of CD-ROM set, which is the image curb markers (ICT, Image Constraint Token), if you set ICT = 1, no problem, if ICT = 0, only through HDMI or DVI output with HDCP protected HD signal.

The present situation, in addition to Warner Brothers intends to use part of the program heading ICT restrictions, and other mainstream Hollywood producers will not ICT is set to 0, at least initially is the case, and certainly Sony Pictures PS3 will not retreat from the off, so that the PS3 and XBOX 499 U.S. dollars an external HD DVD drive can not output Full HD signals are not objective! Moreover, also unlike the foreign media put it, HDCP whether used in real terms or in the AACS standard itself.

Toshiba HD DVD player instructions in there on the component video output HD signal, but depends on the disc set's description, HD DVD player can, then the XO will not have problems with the PS3.

However, AACS in ICT has also made the following provisions:

鈼?hardware products with AACS, ICT must have the corresponding function

鈼?sold in Japan, Blu-ray and HD DVD discs, in the December 31, 2010 not to join the ICT function before

鈼?2011 onwards the production of hardware, analog interface, can output standard definition (SD) video, HD video signals only through the HDMI interface output. After 2014 production of hardware products, whether HD or SD signals to analog interface can output.
Figure 5 HD DVD Player XO accessories and contrast with the host.

From which we can easily see that the color output Full HD signal cut-off date of December 31, 2010, after which, AACS is the attitude of ICT will be forced to 0, meaning that if the configuration does not change, 499 yuan The PS3 and the XO-HD DVD then Blu-ray can not normally watch a DVD or HD DVD. This is clearly also a major source of concern, but Microsoft and Sony are also the founder of AACS standards, for it is impossible to do not understand. However, existing hardware design, the 499 U.S. dollars for PS3 and XO hard to provide by way of additional features HDMI output, but they are likely to be in the hands of content publishers to use ICT in 2011 still will not be restricted.

Sony Computer Entertainment (SCE) software platform Part Minister, Minister of network development in Western Springs, in an interview, says that 499 U.S. dollars a PS3 can be "safe" to use in 2011, and according to Sony's view, in 2011 After the simulation of the real implementation of AACS restrictions on output will not be a lot of publishers, so players can still enjoy the Full HD component video fun. Peter Moore said in an interview, also expressed similar views.

However, the judgments are based on those who receive high-definition color film through the source to produce serious and piracy is not made, because the port for the HD signal color, though inferior in quality Blu-ray or HD DVD's original, but the basic viewing needs to meet, so in some countries and regions, there may be a "mock copy of piracy." Writer believes that the initial Blu-ray or HD DVD program, in theory, by this Fangfa piracy 閮芥湁 possibility key to the degree of development of events, and producers a response to so 鑰? HD DVD and Blu-ray is now offering to be very strict anti-piracy countries, if the sale to the global scope, this "analog copy piracy" will also appear. If piracy in some countries and regions, the rapid emergence and spread, then the producers in their own interest, it is possible by adding ICT mandatory restrictions, 499 U.S. dollars at that time the PS3 and XO-HD DVD is not easy to say the situation was. Even the staunch support of its products Sony Pictures, can not but consider this aspect.

So, wants to see XO or PS3 HD DVD or Blu-ray video players, in the end would XO-HD DVD or 499 U.S. dollars of the PS3 have much interest in, and now really can not say.
Figure 6 HD DVD Player a bit like a mini version of the XO, but more like a book.

Figure 7 HD DVD Player of the backplane design, two standard USB-A interface and a miniUSB-B interface, and a standard two-phase external power connector, while the back cover that can be opened is a mystery, it is said, and WiFi related.

HD DVD: to survive is victory

PS3 and XO-HD DVD competition, no doubt will be Blu-ray and HD DVD camp about the competitive situation, the most important, it will affect content publishers to further the strategic plan. Blu-ray with its strong industry support for power to be rid of HD DVD is highly unlikely, and in this respect even the president of Toshiba's Nishida and Blu-ray in about the next competition, it said, HD DVD and Blu-ray will be will co-exist, contrary Blu-ray camp, has always maintained that he was the ultimate winner, in other words, HD DVD lost. HD DVD can survive as long as, it can be said that a victory!

According to Toshiba Digital Media Network Company Yoshihide Fujii released in the HD DVD player in Japan when the forecast to the end of 2006, the HD DVD player / recorder of global shipments of 60 to 700,000 units, while the XO-HD DVD's about 30 million units sold around, so Toshiba's view is that, when the global consumer electronics (not including IT in the field) and HD DVD playback platform will be about 1 million, then the figure starts with the PS3 when Sony is expected to that 200 million compared to the pros and cons of fully shown.

Here, we do not want to analyze both the accuracy of prediction, relatively speaking, with PS and PS2 user base the number of terms, Sony's 2 million forecast is likely to be achieved, but 2 million of PS3 users will not be true The Blu-ray will become a loyal group of consumers is hard to say. This is the original one can buy PS2 to see when the DVD is not the same. DVD has been unified since that time, bought a PS2 after viewing the DVD film in to the source is totally guaranteed, but the Blu-ray not the same, its future is not a virtual certainty, so the consumer will be the main PS and Blu-ray's loyal fans. Therefore, the blue one is a big selling point for PS3, but in the eyes of some users may be impeding another reason for its purchase of PS3.

Link 1: Why is Microsoft so firmly support the HD DVD?

Ever since Microsoft officially announced last September to support HD DVD later, HD DVD camp, the main characters seem to become from Toshiba, Microsoft, people can not help but to ask a question, why Microsoft will be very important in competition with Blu-ray at a distinct disadvantage in HD DVD?

If you look at HD DVD and Blu-ray the difference between, we may be able to find the answer. In terms of volume, HD DVD than Blu-ray's rival, HD DVD despite the ROM single layer specifications, but has yet to be finalized, at least the first generation of HD DVD players do not support this specification can not later be able to upgrade Firmware support is hard to understand, while the double-ROM 50GB Blu-ray has been clear, and burn size are achieved by this standard.

The cost, HD DVD and Blu-ray's advantage is obvious now, but life is not for the DVD disc format under the more backward, the more the production costs of both parties tend to close, just like the DVD and CD CD production costs, even though there are gaps, but has not the problem. Although the dual-layer Blu-ray-ROM production there is still a problem, but advances in technology make these problems finally resolved, because of cost advantages, the firm also does not enable Microsoft to support HD so DVD.

In the anti-piracy, the Blu-ray HD DVD more than two screens, one is blue +, one ROM Mark, the former contents of the CD-ROM copy of the restrictions were more stringent, while the latter hopes to produce the source CD ROM stifle piracy, only in the authorized production equipment to produce the corresponding blue-ROM discs. Microsoft does not like Blu-ray +, but the Blu-ray camp also say so, and support for Microsoft's mandatory managed copy (MMC) requirements, while the transitional period and did not realize AACS MMC, this could be Microsoft's catch- function has also been equipped with Blu-ray.

Microsoft to still be on the HD DVD a crush, it was said that Sony is to suppress the development momentum is indeed the case, but what if Microsoft would be deprived of the benefits of practical, no doubt brought this upon ourselves, why Microsoft support the iPod, why did they support the interconnection with the PSP, which has its sharp contrast against the blue. Then never set foot in consumer electronics hardware production company, the biggest reason to support HD DVD is it? Set aside to compete with Sony holding the Blu-ray development pace, let Blu-ray grand strategic reasons can not be achieved, there is also an important reason that there may be in the consumer electronics and try to the iHD interactive technology.

Microsoft this with many consumer electronics manufacturers Jingdianzhizhan between its root lies - not with Java or Java.

For Microsoft, hopes to use the software platform in the family over the control of a general framework to support the HD DVD is also for this consideration. HD DVD uses iHD interactive technology, which is made based on XML technology development, its main rival is the Sun's Java language.

The current situation is that most consumer electronics manufacturers allegiance to Java-based Multimedia Home Platform (MHP, Multimedia Home Platform) for Blu-ray format. MHP has been in the TV area of clear standards for their own interactive platform position. MHP in Europe a wide range of applications, it is also the company's U.S. CableLabs Open Cable Application Platform (Open Cable Application Platform) and the U.S. Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC, Advanced Television Systems Committee) of the senior common application platform (Advanced Common Application Platform ) standard based technology.

IP Action Partners partner Stuart Lipoff said, "For the MHP, the industry should be ready development tools, and accumulated some experience and a huge installed base growing, and its growth from the impact of DVD. But do not like Microsoft Java, MHP, where people from trying to lead to iHD, so war is inevitable. "

Microsoft support HD DVD at the same time, it reproached Blu-ray using Java Environment, which will potentially high royalty. According to HP said the Java-based Blu-ray format's license, including the global implementation of the MHP standard (Globally Executable MHP standard), from Sun's Java test suite, as well as the cost of Blu-ray-Java itself.

In the PC, with Vista operating system, Microsoft will no longer need that Java, while Vista's underlying architecture is also above the iHD interactive technology, it can be said with the HD DVD is a natural fit, as Microsoft's offensive weapons to the living room, XO to support HD DVD is expected in the.

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鎵?互锛孭S3鏄釜鐗逛緥锛屽畠鏄互娓告垙鐜╁涓虹敤鎴峰熀纭?潵鎷夋嫝褰辩墖鍙戣鍟嗭紝浣嗗鏋淗D DVD鎾斁璁惧鐩稿浜庤摑鍏変粛鏈変环鏍间紭鍔匡紝浠嶆湁鎺掍粬鎬ф敮鎸丠D DVD鐨勫唴瀹瑰彂琛屽晢锛岃鏍归櫎HD DVD璋堜綍瀹规槗锛熻繖涓棶棰橈紝鍦―VD鏍煎紡宸茬粡缁熶竴鐨凱S2鏃朵唬骞朵笉瀛樺湪锛屼絾鏄幇鍦ㄥ奖鐗囧彂琛屾牸寮忓紩瀵兼秷璐硅?鐨勫洜绱犲氨浼氭槑鏄句綋鐜板嚭鏉ャ?姣曠珶锛岀储灏肩殑璁炬兂灏辨槸鐢≒S3鏉ヤ績杩涜摑鍏夛紝骞朵笉浠呬粎鏄繚鎸佸湪TV Game棰嗗煙鐨勯鍏堝湴浣嶏紝鑰岃摑鍏夐櫎浜嗘父鎴忥紝杩樻湁褰辩墖锛岀储灏煎彲浠ユ帶鍒跺叏涓栫晫PS3娓告垙鐨勫彂琛岃浇浣擄紝浣嗗奖鐗囧憿锛?br />
鑷充簬XO-HD DVD鐨勪环鏍硷紝绗旇?璁や负鍏跺皢鑰冭檻HD DVD褰辩鏈轰笌PS3鐨勪环鏍兼潵瀹氬ず锛屽埌浜嗗湥璇炶妭锛岀浉淇″崠浜嗕竴骞寸殑XO涔熶細杩涜闄嶄环锛岀‘淇濆湪鍔犲叆XO-HD DVD涔嬪悗鐨勪环鏍间粛鐒跺彲浠ヤ笌499缇庡厓鐨凱S3鐩哥珵浜夈?鐢变簬鏄檮浠朵骇鍝侊紝XO-HD DVD涓嶅彲鑳戒簭鏈攢鍞紝鎵?互XO-HD DVD鐨勪环鏍煎緢鍙兘浼氬湪149-199缇庡厓涔嬮棿锛岄檷鍒?00缇庡厓浠ヤ笅鐨勫彲鑳芥?闈炲父灏忥紙濡傛灉鎶婂唴閮ㄧ殑椹卞姩鍣ㄦ嬁鍑烘潵鍗曠敤锛屽崟鐙崠HD DVD-ROM椹卞姩鍣ㄧ殑鍘傚晢浼拌浼氭皵鐤簡锛夈?灏盭O鐨勯攢鍞垎甯冩儏鍐垫潵鐪嬶紝鐩镐俊閭?0涓囧彴XO-HD DVD鐨勯攢鍞娴嬩富瑕佽础鐚嚜缇庡浗甯傚満銆?br />
缁间笂鎵?堪锛孭S3纭疄鍏峰浜嗗己澶х殑鏉?激鍔涳紝瀹冪殑涓婂競鑲畾浼氭瀬澶у湴鎵╁紶钃濆厜鐨勯鍦帮紝浣嗚兘鍚﹀洜姝ゅ氨鎶奌D DVD鏍归櫎浜嗭紝杩樺緢闅捐銆傚湪鏈眾E3涓婂叕甯冪殑PS3楂樺畾浠峰皢鏄渶澶х殑闃荤锛屽嵆浣挎槸缇庡浗鐜╁瀵瑰叾浠锋牸涓嶆弧鐨勪篃澶ф湁浜哄湪銆傝繖浣垮叾瀵硅摑鍏夌殑甯姪绋嬪害骞朵笉鑳藉儚鏃╁墠棰勬祴鐨勯偅鏍峰ぇ锛屾瘯绔熶环鏍兼案杩滄槸鏅?娑堣垂鑰呮渶涓哄叧蹇冪殑璇濋锛岃?杩欎簺鏅?娑堣垂鑰呮墠鏄厜鐩樻牸寮忔櫘鍙婄殑鐪熸鍔ㄥ姏鎵?湪銆侾S3鑲畾浼氶?杩囧繝璇氱殑鐜╁锛屽湪鎾斁甯傚満鏂归潰寤虹珛钃濆厜骞冲彴鏁伴噺浼樺娍锛屼絾灏辨鏈熸湜瀹岃儨HD DVD锛岃繕骞朵笉瓒冲銆?br />
寰蒋XBOX鍏ㄧ悆甯傚満鎬荤洃Albert Penello鐨勭湅娉曞彲鑳芥洿涓哄疄闄呬竴浜涳紝浠栬涓哄ぇ澶氭暟濂借幈鍧炵殑鍒剁墖鍟嗘渶缁堥兘浼氭敮鎸丠D DVD锛屽嵆浣夸笉鏄帓浠栨?鐨勩?鐪嬫潵锛屽井杞篃骞朵笉璁や负HD DVD浼氬畬鑳滆摑鍏夛紝浣嗚HD DVD娲讳笅鍘伙紝闂涔熶笉澶с?

鍏跺疄鐪嬬湅鍙屾柟闃佃惀鐨勫疄鍔涳紝鐪嬬湅鍙屾柟鎶曞叆鐨勭爺鍙戞垚鏈紝HD DVD鐨勬姇鍏ヤ骇鍑烘瘮宸茬粡瑕佹瘮钃濆厜鏇撮珮浜嗐?鎵?互锛孒D DVD鐨勭洰鏍囦篃寰堟槑纭紝涓嶆眰鐙ぇ锛屼絾姹傚叡瀛樸?HD DVD鑻ヨ兘鍦ㄤ笌钃濆厜鐨勭珵浜変腑娲讳笅鏉ワ紝灏卞凡缁忔槸涓?鑳滃埄浜嗐?






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Button icon button icons came here to get ready

Our lesson plans or in the production of courseware, sometimes some buttons to use icons to make content more accessible image, the icon for special software or screenshots software help us buttoned, but only a small icon to load it away type software, I felt too much trouble. Now I will tell you a place to get ready there, button icons, this is the software their "help file."

To get the Word in the "Open" button icon as an example: First, click the office assistant in the search box type "open" the word, click on "Search" to find the entry in the select "Open Document" in the "Please Select "click" to open documents on the hard disk or network "icon on the show at hand. Right-click the icon and select "Copy" and return the document page, the mouse locate the place to insert the icon, the implementation of the "Edit 鈫?Paste Special", paste the form of choice "and device-independent bitmap," OK, we The purpose is reached. How like? Is not very convenient!

To get other software button icons, might have followed suit, to find their help files to find, I believe that will be harvested.







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China's largest single-Rush biggest names in the computer upset falling by the wayside

Recently, the domestic education sector super impressive single ended Jiangsu School Link, had been high hopes of the association, with the side, Dell, HP, etc. are all dismissed from their posts first-line brands, old crack wave of computer work upstart TCL both qualify as The benefits of purchasing two largest manufacturers.

Jiangsu Province, "School Link" computer project procurement in the number of computers reached 14 million units, is the education sector, the largest single purchase ever computer, is also China's largest ever procurement project. Total domestic and foreign well-known computer makers gathered in Nanjing to compete for 11, several vendors went to the senior leadership of the full first-line intervention.

As the project is to create a super single and Chinese records, stakes, Vice Governor of Jiangsu Province, personally tracking. Fair consideration for open and fair, Sept. 8, the Jiangsu provincial government procurement center temporary deployment of judges and a panel of judges composed of evaluation, and successful results published on the same day.

The School Link Project in Jiangsu project is divided into six packages, announcement shows that the wave and become the top two makers TCL, winning more than 40 percent of the total project, the other four packages from the Founder, Haier, Hongtusanbao, happiness divide. In 2002, Anhui School Link project to create a single record of 31,000 at National Taiwan University associate a quiz, fortune by purchasing the same side of education has nothing empty-handed. Jiangsu provincial government procurement center and Lenovo did not disclose the reasons for the same party lost the election. It is of Jiangsu School Link tenders relevant person in charge said, Jiangsu Province, to develop a system of this tender and rigorous evaluation parameters, including quality, service, training, and products from various vendors in April began a strict evaluation, currently published the results of six successful companies are also evaluating the top six brands.

Wave of computer first became famous in Chinese history of the computer brand, has tied par with the Great Wall, with a wave of association can only be called later than those who TCL, one old and one new to strength greatly increased just after the IBM acquisition of new Lenovo has a strong power in the education sector was very embarrassing on the same side, while Dell and HP out of a surprise.

The results for this bid, a sales staff not to be named told reporters: the computer industry, the subject of education is great, but due to intense competition, prices are generally down, even if successful will not gain much.






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Trace to its source: Do not forget the quality of the

Sometimes, several people in the discussion of a topic, because one of them suddenly remembered something else, or another one joined in, more and more intense discussions, we no less interest, but the content of the discussion farther and farther away from the subject to start later forget what topic to discuss. Such circumstances, we may have encountered. If it is small talk, they do no harm. If this is to solve the problem, it will waste time, do not achieve their goals.

Practical in our work, there are also such a phenomenon. For example, the software testing is to find defects, whether Review PRD / Spec, design test plan, or a test case design, Test automation, are all for that purpose. "Discovered defects" is software testing this, we are doing testing work of, you can not forget this fundamental. Sometimes, when we are doing test automation, prone to "forgetting" things. This happens, nothing more than the following reasons:

Beginning do not know the purpose of test automation, but for the automation of automation.

In the automation development process, gradually forget the original vision and goals, while the technology more and more worship, more and more deeply into the technical pursuit of the framework, the pursuit of the current popular technologies, etc., results, and not solve the problem. Or say that's a simple way to be able to solve problems, they spent several times the effort to achieve.

The pursuit of pure digital things, for example, has been looking at how many test cases have been automated, but what the test results are reliable guarantees, but do not know. Sometimes, that VP has risk, but not to solve, also lose their identity thing.

Therefore, when doing testing, always remind yourself the following:

Test is to find defects as early as possible, as much as possible the discovery of defects.

Technology to do things that do not worship, but to firmly grasp the target, be brief and effective, more effective, will not achieve much in the way you want to use.

In the course of the implementation of test automation, quality, or this, must not quality for automation. The basis of test automation or test cases, test tools, after all, tools, testing tools do not think 70% of the defects or the need for wisdom and reflection.

Policy: quality first, tools supplement; tool first, human progeny

The face of any one test task, the first order to how effective way to complete the test, which can use test tools that can automate the place, to automate as much as possible.

Implemented, were the deciding factor is always around the "quality" of the center, constantly thinking, constantly improving the test strategy and methods to continuously improve the test case coverage.

Another corroboration - Motorola story. Motorola's strategy, the most complete failure of the case is the so-called global Iridium program is that technology is far beyond the big market demand, can be interpreted as failure of super-technology strategy; now motorized mobile phone business with the other being a failure , is the technology away from the market needs, can be interpreted as abandoning technology strategy failed. Is a Chinese popular saying, "Success Xiao He, Xiao He also defeated," and this 2000 years ago during the famous battle between Chu and Han, can be used to explain the success or failure of today's cases around the world. Motorola's success is because of the times in technology to create a mobile phone is the era of human communication come from a limited wireless network era radical change in the way of human communication, and become the leader in the wireless market, has become an absolute leader . Unfortunately, too often successful always like to play "cast aside the bow once the birds are gone," the game, the market made up, they forget their most successful strategies and core strengths.









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The production of a three-dimensional characters

We have learned a good method of making multi-dimensional character, no matter what kind of three-dimensional character of production, must have a center in it, that is sought to reflect the three-dimensional effect, the beginning of this tutorial to learn before, please first Consider the following three-dimensional character renderings, no matter how you look like a three-dimensional characters are not the words, which do not have to learned later ~ ~:) Oh ~ ~ ~



See specific steps:

1, open FW, create a new file, the file size is 300 * 100 pixels, the background color from the set, we used in the case purple (# 663399).

2, select the text tool kit, in the editing area click on the pop up text edit box enter the relevant text, the text entered here as the "3D text", font "Arial Black", font size 60, font use increases coarse mode, color can be custom set is complete, the editor of the text object as shown below:



3, then we should adjust the text fill color. Text object selected, open the Fill (fill in blank) panels, the related settings. Set the fill mode Linear (linear gradient fill), fill in the program select "White, Black", the other option is to keep the default values make no changes, the specific setting, please refer to the diagram:



4, now the editor of the text object should look like this:



5, well, we need the text filled way about adjustments, point text, there will be color adjustment handle (the color adjustment handle knowledge, we "simulated bar code produced" a paper had a brief explanation, please see), adjust the square of the handle, rotate to the bottom, and round its handle in the vertical direction in the same straight line, then drag the circular handle to the central part of the text object, see the revised text objects and their regulating handle demonstration plan:
[Tips] to the present, or some friend asked how to regulate the two ends of the handle just adjusting to the horizontal or vertical direction in a straight line up, now tell you a simple way, the selected text object, then select Toolbox Paint Bucket tool, then the object in the text above the top-down, or directly drag from left to right, you can easily achieve our objective requirements, and we wish to test, it is convenient.



6, in the context of the text object selected, open the Fill (fill) panel, click the color fill options to the right of "Edit" button in the pop-up color editorial columns for editing. Color out of color should now be only two colors, black and white, and are located at both ends of the color out, as shown below:






[Next]



7, Well, first of all columns with the mouse to the left of the selected color white color block, and then drag to the right (that is, the center of the column to the color of drag), to reach the center of the color out, release the mouse , now the color editor set out as shown below:



8, using the same method, the black color of the right block to the left (the center) drag, and white color block until the date of coincidence, as shown below:



9, Oh, we see changes in the color out of it, black and white was not to see the text editor object, is not shown below?



10 Now we can adjust by dragging the circular handle to change the fill color of the filling position, we need to move the fill color to black and white parting vertical text object at the center of Office, see the following chart adjustment results:



11, well, making this the first step towards the completion of three-dimensional characters, and then, select the text object, do the menu command "Edit - Clone (Edit - Clone)" (shortcut key is "Ctrl + Shift + D" ), stay the same copy of a text object.

12 clones selected text object, select the Paint Bucket tool, drag the bucket from the bottom up, so that the fill color of text object will be achieved upside down, to note that the dividing line between black and white color, it is also possible the vertical direction in the text the center of office, as shown below:



13 clones selected text object to the left under the direction of movement of its location, you can use the keyboard arrow keys to adjust the text object's position, until you are satisfied. Here is my plan to adjust as a result:



14, next to it to add some metal halo light effect.

15, select the polygon drawing tool for the toolbox, open the Options (optional) panel set, as shown below:



16, by setting we can draw a star-shaped corners, and open the Fill (fill) option panel, on the corner star of the filling to set up, pay attention to Edge (fill edges) effect of Feather (Feather), emergence values Do not regulated too much, here for 3 specific settings as shown below:



17, Well, do you think should appear in the halo of the place, drag the polygon drawing tools, you can draw a kind of halo effect, is not it more realistic? Ha ha ~ ~ ~, see the figure below:



18, Well, using the same method, draw the other halo effect until you are satisfied. Note that in the rendering, the size of the quadrangular and the direction of rotation to be adjusted for certain changes, so as to enable more true to life.

19, save the output of it! Work hard ah! ! :)






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BPR get to the root

BPR (business process reengineering) and ERP has become the same as killing, regardless of Mengliang and Jiao Zan brother. With the information technology boom, from media reports, the employees of the conversation, even among friends, chat between tea and wine, BPR appears more and more the word. In the information system before the earth-shaking experience such a change, seems to have become accustomed to a consensus and things.

As China, like many things and people, BPR has also been given more and more amazing colors, making such a common concept of management has to carry a lot of this does not belong to it for additional content.

What is the concept of BPR? The concept and the historical environment in China? Chinese companies on the park to the BPR which gives fresh breath? Process improvement is only a "reorganization" of a Road?

Europe and the United States abandoned the BPR, in the country by certain management consulting firm as a business, "save lives" panacea; the company holding the innocent gambler's mentality to take their business very serious life and death began gambling. Game between quack and gamblers, will once again prove that only a lose-lose end.

Definition of BPR

Business Process Reengineering BPR is the abbreviation. First used in the field of software maintenance from the computer in the process of reverse engineering (Reverse Engineering) concept, but the real definition of the formation of the authority of the time in 1990, Harvard University, Dr. Michael Hammer (Michael Hammer), Professor and CSC Index Chief Executive Officer James Champy (James Champy) in cooperation with the article "Reengineering Work: Don't Automate, But Obliterate" put forward the concept of BPR; and defined as follows: "BPR is a business process (Process) as the fundamental sex (Fundamental) thinking and thoroughness (Radical) reconstruction, the purpose of cost, quality, service and speed has made significant (Dramatic) were improved so that enterprises can adapt to maximize the customer (Customer), competition (Competition), change (Change) for the characteristics of the modern business environment. "

In 1993, Hammer and Champy published a "recycling enterprise: management revolution of the Declaration," a book, systematically expounded the idea BPR proposed reconstruction of the primary task is to BPR, only build BPR, can the company completely out of trouble. Thus, BPR as a new management ideas, like a big wave swept across the United States and other industrialized countries, and a great trend sweeping the world.

In addition, make an important contribution to BPR in addition to Hammer and Champy, there are Thomas H Davenport (Thomas Davenport). Basically, they now have three public recommendation to the founder of BPR.

Characteristics of BPR

According to the definition of BPR, from the input-output (I / O), and media considerations to the points summarized the important features of BPR:

First, investment properties, including the following two core points, which is fundamental (Fundamental) and thoroughness (Radical):

1. Fundamental: this feature is the core concern of BPR: 鈶?In practice, it requires companies not to put any small changes are "BPR" putting a big hat; 鈶?It shows that BPR is concerned that core or The key issue is deadly, that is the fate of life or death business relationship, in accordance with the type of business decision-making point that corresponds to the "competing model for the core values of" fundamental restructuring; 鈶?BPR's fundamental aim is also closely "enterprise business objectives "of any enterprise business objectives are included for maximum profits; 鈶?BPR's fundamental need for business, this means companies must understand their own operating conditions, management status, status of capital operation, corporate and cultural conditions, to find quasi-optimal conditions and the gap between the current situation, finding an optimal way to maximize profits to carry out BPR implementation.

2. Thoroughness: Here there is a qualitative issue, basically the BPR revolution belongs to the role of the enterprise, the means for enterprises to begin a deeper level Tracing the source of the established business process, system and management is not for superficial change or adjust the patch, but abandoned the previous processes, systems and management, and fully carry out blizzard of revolution, so there must not be attributed to BPR reform or improvement.

Secondly, output characteristics, that is the definition of BPR significance (Dramatic) features, according to Dr. Hamer's original definition, can come from the qualitative and quantitative classification:

1. From the qualitative level, it means that BPR is not the pursuit of business performance, management efficiency and small increase in capital operation, low-level upgrade, slightly improved or slightly improved, etc., but as a means to make BPR business performance, management efficiency, capital operations have significant growth, a great leap;

2. From the quantitative level is, BPR on the "significant" for the specific requirements are as follows: 70% of their production cycles, 40% cost reduction, customer satisfaction, product quality and total revenue increased 40% and so on.

Finally, BPR also includes media elements that BPR change the competitive environment faced by the modern factors, including customer (Customer), competition (Competition) and change (Change), referred to as 3C:

1. Customer (Customer): Marketing Theory to customer interests ahead of the central part of marketing activities that provide services to customers, creating customer value is the business of starting point and destination. BPR also need to satisfy customers maximize the value of full realization of transition from product-centric to customer-centered management thought up;

2. Competition (Competition): competition of modern enterprises are facing one of the living environment, and this feature becomes more brutal, more exciting, the endless variety of new management model; to respond to competitive market, companies should begin to look for a variety of approach, in somewhere, BPR really is a universal magic, are the restructuring of internal processes can respond to external competition, behind closed doors, "self-cultivation" can solve all the problems? In any case, to require the enterprises to face competition is already a big step forward BPR;

3. Change (Change): used to describe the ever-changing modern business environment changes facing no exaggeration, fleeting opportunity to business leaders or decision-making is a very difficult thing. To carry out fundamental and radical nature of BPR, is to meet the business environment for the survival response to this change and expects to achieve significant results.

In conclusion, BPR needs to meet fundamental, radical elements of the input features, as well as for the 3C's modern business environment, to achieve significant characteristics of the output elements, it can be called a true sense of the BPR.

With the Harvard Business School professor Michael Porter (Michael Porter) of the value chain model to express, BPR is an enterprise business processes described as a value chain (Value Chain), competition is not in business to business, but occurs their value chain in the enterprise between. Only on all aspects of the value chain (business process) to implement effective management of the enterprise, be possible to obtain real market competition.

BPR background

BPR generation, and not just because of the two professors in an article or a book born out of simple, hidden behind BPR is the profound technological, economic, and change management background.

1.1970 late of changes in customer demand pull of

Capitalism since the 70s of the 20th century, the global economic environment has undergone tremendous changes, current situation of supply exceeding demand led to a seller's buyer's market. Buyer's market was a more significant feature is the buyer's demand for diversity and variability; buyer's market, enables companies to change the concept of change: 鈶?thinking in customer service, first proposed a "service oriented" slogan, then that " customer satisfaction "concept. U.S. companies have changed thinking of all the market to customers as the core, is gradually regain advantage; 鈶?for the supply of products, many companies reflects the human side of market segmentation, target market segment for product R & D users to express the voice of the customer is God; 鈶?concepts change, product change is inseparable from changes in internal management needs to have strict internal management infrastructure, necessary to change the enterprise to meet the changes in the enterprise market and product ideas of innovation, otherwise, there is no suitable management system and careful management processes, all just empty talk.

2.1980's economic slump prompted reflection groups

Into the 80's, represented the United States economy into a capitalist countries slow growth and inflation, the embarrassing predicament, got in the costs, benefits reduce the situation, the competitiveness of products in comparison with the Asia-Pacific countries into a downward spiral. U.S. companies are eager to change this situation, out of the woods. In order to quickly change this situation, first of all wants the state to use fiscal and monetary policy to rescue the crisis, followed by the company to reflect upon. Developed rapidly after World War II the Japanese compared to U.S. companies to promote the technology, ignoring the core of customers, it is difficult to adapt to the changing market environment. Japan, by contrast, research for the production of services for the market. So to the 80's, Japan's competitiveness has been greatly strengthened, and in the machinery, steel, automobile, chemical industry, American traditional strengths show a clear comparative advantage. Reflection of the result is the structure itself must carry out a major operation.

3.1970 ~ in the 1990s, emerging new management tools and management methods for the BPR laid out the basic conditions for vacant

The emergence of BPR has a deep management tools and management methods based on: first, the 70's to 90's to manage the academic ideas and new ideas found in the most active period, such as TQM (Total Quality Management), JIT (JIT), PM (project management), ABC (Activity Based Cost Analysis), Work Flow (workflow management), WorkTeam (team management), and a series of benchmarking management theory and practice, the economic sector in Europe and the United States to achieve full swing and achieved some success ; Second, organizational theory of innovation, from 70 to 90 years between Europe and the United States business community, academia, flat organizational structure on innovation, and process-oriented research organization has made great progress in the professional division of labor within the enterprise thinning, multi-tiered system of organizations launched a fierce criticism of the organization of such enterprises as "rigid, bureaucratic," and sounded a fanfare of trumpets the revolution.

Summing up the above three points should be said that the BPR in 1990 came into being precisely to meet the business needs of this idea and, BPR two input features - fundamental and characteristic thoroughness and output - a significant, fully met U.S. and European companies eager to get out economic depression, to seek continued growth and new business rules to adapt to the psychological needs, and also satisfy the academic management thought in confusion to seek urgent mental innovation.

The concept of BPR was born in 1990, just three years, peaked in 1993, almost a big wave in the United States, has been called "restore American competitiveness in the only way", but also spread to Japan, Germany and other industrialized countries. Hammer was also the U.S. "Business Week" as the most influential 90's "big four management guru" one.

But no doubt, in a sense, the beginning of the 20th century European and American 90, BPR brings the business community, more of an expectation, not a hope, remain in the academic point of view have yet to practice verification.

BPR's sob

Objectively speaking, from the beginning, BPR thinking on its advanced and thorough revolution, has attracted the attention of many businesses, become the focus of attention in Europe and America and the world. Data show that about 70% to 75% of European companies are planning to implement BPR, there are also achieved through BPR certain results. For example, Ford Motor Company, AT & T, IBM, Italy, BAT, Germany, Siemens Nixdorf Service and so on, in addition, there are many companies in Asia have accepted this idea, many of them as the Thai Farmers Bank of Thailand and China, Taiwan, Wing Tai Mechanical & Electrical Industries such successful examples. But we also have to face such a tragic fact behind the success of a large number of cases of failure and negligible economic benefits. The following is from 1993 to 1995, several groups of authority between the survey data as well as BPR founder of Action:

1.1993, the McKinsey consulting firm of 20 BPR projects result of the survey, 60% of the enterprises in the cost-effectiveness (including cost reduction) is less than 5%, 30% of the company for more than 18% cost savings , only 10% of companies that promised to achieve the effect of BPR.

2.1994 years, CSC Index Inc. (BPR founder Ciampi as the company's CEO) made a survey of 100 BPR projects, the result is: 67% of the enterprises that had little effect or failure, only 33% of the enterprises that BPR achieved good results.

3.1995 years, BPR founder of Hamer himself admitted: 70% of the BPR project not only failed to achieve the desired results, but to make matters worse. Hamer in "The Wall Street Journal" in an interview admitted his mistake. Ciampi Across the Board magazine in an article in Mean apologized. Lucy has been poorly photographed another founder of Davenport was the first issue of Fast Company magazine has written a cover story with repentance means. According to the U.S. article, literal translation, the three leading authority on their own in the BPR BPR reached a consensus: "revolutionary change in overheating, the 'people' factor missing out."

4.1996, the Deloitte Consulting survey of 400 BPR projects and found very similar to the previous results.

5.2001, the British investigative bodies FCD 600 BPR projects on the global survey carried out, the result is: 78% of enterprise project and expected results achieved far away, where even 45% of the enterprises to obtain the item and negative effects; only 22% of the business a success. Another interesting phenomenon is able to achieve success of the project are those enterprises, the success of its implementation largely in the time period 1990 to 1995, while after 1995 the failure rate of business projects account for most of the abortion ratio. So, in 1995 became a watershed in BPR success or failure.

6.1993 in the next few years, as a result of BPR hardship or even bankruptcy of companies followed the example, BPR failure rate of up to 70%. Oxford University School of Management Information Management Research Center, Professor Taylor, former director of the University of Manchester Institute of Technology, Professor Wheeler's view of the more representative. They think, BPR's core philosophy - "fundamental" and "thoroughness" - is actually built upon the premise that the reorganization of the business process is like dismantling the machine normally. BPR can be seen from this point of management thinking is reflected in a very rational (Rationality), while the fact that not all of the business processes are so idealistic, many enterprises can not afford, "Phoenix Nirvana" type of change.

Reflections on BPR

1. BPR is not a mature management ideas

First, the depth of immature thinking: from the nature of the terms, BPR are innovative ideas, and improve the thinking is completely different. From birth to now, BPR is also confined to the primary ideological level, only in guiding the business community, academia to follow, it was far from theoretical studies to become a mature depth of the internal mechanism and the nature of the BPR-depth understanding of the law is far from complete. BPR is merely a thought, not mature thinking, more than mature theory. So far, BPR BPR founder still cling to the implication of the "fundamental" and "thoroughness." As a representative of new ideas, BPR needs further tests, as the only way to BPR management revolution, these two features have been formed by BPR can not overcome its own shortcomings.

Second, practical ideas immature: BPR can be called a theory advanced the idea, but not as practical an idea, this immaturity is not proven from the practical immature. Types of survey data from the front can be seen, BPR failure ratio is 70%. The way some companies to invest in BPR efforts too much, but received only a small or even negligible benefits, even worse, some companies to bring their own devastating blow.

銆??鏈?悗锛孊PR宸ュ叿鐨勪笉鎴愮啛鎬э細寮?睍BPR鏄渶瑕佸緢澶氬疄鏂界瓥鐣ャ?瀹炴柦鏂规硶銆佹祦绋嬪垎鏋愭ā鍨嬨?瑙勮寖鍖栫▼搴忋?鏋勯?BPR缁勭粐浣撶郴涓庣鐞嗙粨鏋勩?娴佺▼鍒嗘瀽宸ュ叿绛夈?鍙槸鍒扮洰鍓嶄负姝紝瀵笲PR鐨勭爺绌惰繕娌℃湁寤虹珛姣旇緝瑙勮寖鎴愮啛鐨勫疄鏂芥柟娉曪紝瀵笲PR宸ュ叿鐨勭爺绌惰繕浠呬粎灞?檺鍦↖DEF浠ュ強ARIS绛夊眻鎸囧彲鏁扮殑鍑犱釜锛屽垎鏋愬伐鍏蜂篃鏄病鏈夎揪鍒板畬鍏ㄦ垚鐔熺殑鍦版锛屾暟閲忎篃鏄湁闄愩?鎵?湁鐨勮繖浜涳紝閮藉湪闃荤BPR杩堝悜鎴愮啛鐨勮繘绋嬨?

2. BPR鍦ㄦ敼杩涗腑鎵洸

銆??鍝堥粯鏁欐巿铏界劧浜?990骞存彁鍑轰簡BPR姒傚康锛屼絾浠栧苟娌℃湁涓轰笉鍚岃涓氥?涓嶅悓鎬ц川鎴栬?涓嶅悓闃舵鐨勪紒涓氭彁渚涗竴绉嶅熀鏈笟鍔℃祦绋嬮噸缁勮寖渚嬫垨鑰呴噸缁勫舰寮忋?杩欑璇炵敓涔嬪垵灏辩己涔忓悗缁彂灞曞厓绱犵殑鏂扮敓濠村効鍏堝ぉ涓嶈冻锛岀洿鎺ュ鑷翠簡鍚庣画鍙戝睍涓殑涓嶇ǔ瀹氭?锛屼篃鐩存帴瀵艰嚧浜咮PR鎬濇兂鐨勬淳鐢熻兘鍔涙槸閭ｄ箞鐨勫己锛屾墍浠ュ湪鐭煭鍑犲勾涓紝甯傚満涓婂凡缁忓嚭鐜颁簡寰堝鏀瑰彉浜嗙殑鎬濇兂锛屾瘡涓?釜鎬濇兂閮戒负涓嶅悓绫诲瀷鐨勪紒涓氬湪閫夋嫨BPR鐨勬椂鍊欏鎵惧埌浜嗗悎閫傜殑鐞嗙敱锛氫紒涓氬彲浠ユ牴鎹珵浜夌瓥鐣ャ?涓氬姟澶勭悊鐨勫熀鏈壒寰佸拰鎵?噰鐢ㄧ殑淇℃伅鎶?湳鐨勬按骞虫潵閫夋嫨瀹炴柦涓嶅悓绫诲瀷鐨凚PR銆傝繖绉嶇湅浼煎悎鎯呭悎鐞嗙殑瑙ｉ噴鏃犲舰涓繘涓?鍔犲ぇ浜咮PR澶辫触鐨勬鐜囥?

銆??璇碆PR鍦ㄦ敼杩涗腑鎵洸锛岀湅浼兼棤鎯咃紝瀹為檯鏈夌悊鏈夋嵁銆?br />
銆??1990骞村埌1995骞存槸BPR鍦ㄦ缇庢渶涓洪紟鐩涚殑鏃舵湡銆?0骞翠唬鏈湡锛岀粡娴庣殑鎸佺画绋冲畾瀵艰嚧BPR鎴愪负缇庡浗浼佷笟鐜囧厛閬楀純鐨勫璞★紝鍙﹀锛屾儕浜虹殑闆囧憳瑙ｉ泧浜烘暟鐩存帴瀵艰嚧浜咮PR杩涗竴姝ョ殑澶卞娍銆?br />
銆??杩欐槸缁撴灉锛屼絾涓嶆槸鍘熷洜銆傜敤鍙嬭蒋浠惰偂浠芥湁闄愬叕鍙哥殑钂嬭渶闈╁崥澹涓猴紝BPR鏈韩鎬濇兂鐨勪笉鎴愮啛锛屼互鍙婅拷椋庢氮娼殑鎺ㄦ尝鍔╂緶瀵艰嚧浜嗗浗鍐呭鍘傚晢瀵笲PR鐨勮瘎澶磋瓒充互鍙娾?鐧捐姳榻愭斁鈥濄?鏈??寰楁?鑰冪殑鏄BPR鍘熷鎬濇兂缂轰箯鐏垫椿鎬х殑鐓ф惉鐓ф妱鎴栬?鐪嬩技鍚堟儏鍚堢悊鐨勨?娣绘补鍔犻唻鈥濓紝鐩存帴瀵艰嚧BPR杩濊儗浜嗘渶鍒濈殑杞ㄩ亾銆傚鏋滆BPR涔熻鍙互鍦ㄥけ璐ヤ腑鍓嶈繘鐨勮瘽锛岄偅涔堣繖绉嶆壄鏇插彧浼氳BPR姝绘棤钁韩涔嬪湴銆?br />
銆??鍐ゅ眻涔嬫鏄彲鎮茬殑锛佸洜涓築PR鎴愪负浜嗛敊璇瘯楠岀殑鐗虹壊鍝侊紒涓?鐪熸閫傚悎鐜颁唬浼佷笟鐨勨?鍚嶣PR鈥濇垨鑰呪?婕斿彉BPR鈥濇墠鏄?鍚堢ǔ瀹氱粡娴庨樁娈电殑鑹瓥锛屾洿鏄竴绉嶆瘮杈冨疄鐢ㄧ殑鍔炴硶銆?br />
3.瀛ゆ敞涓?幏鐨勮祵寰掑績鎬?br />
銆??浼佷笟缁忚惀澶勪簬鍗辨満闃舵锛孊PR寮?鎴愪负浼楀浼佷笟鑰佹澘鏈?悗鐨勬晳鍛界ɑ鑽夛紝瀵笲PR鎬濇兂鐨勬祬钖勭悊瑙ｇ洿鎺ュ鑷翠紬澶氫紒涓氭妸BPR瀛ゆ敞涓?幏鍦颁綔涓轰紒涓氭渶鍚庣殑浜ゆ槗锛岃繖绉嶈祵妫嶅績鎬佺洿鎺ュ鑷翠簡浼佷笟鍙細鎴愪负闆笂鍔犻湝鐨勭壓鐗插搧锛岀畝鍗曠殑鎬濈淮蹇冩?浠ュ強鍚庡効绔ユ椂浠ｇ殑鎬濊?鏂瑰紡锛屽啣鍐ヤ箣涓鎵剧殑鍏堣繘銆佹牴鏈?褰诲簳浠ュ強鏄捐憲绛夐潻鍛芥?鐨凚PR锛岃浼佷笟鍦ㄤ韩鍙楃墖鍒荤殑楹婚唹蹇箰涔嬪悗锛屾竻閱掍箣鏃朵篃鏄紒涓氬け鍘荤敓鍛界殑鏃跺埢锛欱PR鎵?鑷寸殑涓氬姟閲嶆柊璁捐銆佸己鍒舵?鐨勭粍缁囩粨鏋勮皟鏁撮噸缁勶紝鍞暟瀛楀寲鐨勬垚鏈帶鍒讹紝缂轰箯浜烘?鍖栫殑瑁佸憳锛堝垱濮嬩汉閬撴瓑鍥犵礌涔嬩竴锛夛紝鎵?湁鐨勮繖浜涘湪鏀瑰彉骞惰儗绂讳紒涓氬師鏈夌殑鏂囧寲銆?br />
銆??瀹炴柦BPR鐨勪竴涓瀬鍏跺啝鍐曞爞鐨囩殑鐞嗙敱鏄細娌℃湁姘歌繙瀛樺湪鐨勭湡鐞嗭紝涓?垏閮介渶瑕佸彉闈┿?娌℃湁浜轰細鍚﹁杩欎釜鐞嗚鐨勬纭紝鍥犱负瀹冩湰鏉ュ氨涓嶆槸涓撻棬鏈嶅姟浜嶣PR鐨勮В閲婏紝鍙槸闅鹃亾鑳藉蹇界暐杩欐牱涓?瑙ｉ噴鍚楋紵濡傛灉浠呬粎涓轰簡鍙橀潻鑰屽彉闈╋紝閭ｄ箞瀹佽偗涓嶅彉闈╋紝鎴栬?鎹㈣繖鏍蜂竴绉嶈娉曪細鈥滀笉鍙橀潻鐨勪紒涓氭垚鍔熺殑姒傜巼浼氬緢灏忥紝浣嗘槸閿欒鍙橀潻鐨勪紒涓氭垚鍔熺殑姒傜巼浼氭洿鍔犲皬銆傗?

銆??瀹㈡埛闇?眰鐨勫彉鍖栭?搴﹀彲浠ヨ鏄彉骞昏帿娴嬶紝澶氭牱鍖栥?涓?鍖栫殑闇?眰閮藉湪瑕佹眰浼佷笟鐨勫簲鍙樿兘鍔涜繘涓?鍔犲己銆傚彲鏄紝闅鹃亾瑕佹妸杩囧幓鎵?湁鐨勪竴鍒囦笟鍔℃祦绋嬪拰鑱岃兘绠＄悊閮芥墧杩涘巻鍙茬殑鍨冨溇鍫嗗悧锛熺敤绠?崟鐨勨?鏍规湰鎬х殑鍐嶆?鑰冨拰褰诲簳鎬х殑鍐嶈璁★紝杩涜?鏄捐憲鎻愰珮浼佷笟鏁堢巼鈥濇潵瑙ｉ噴鍙橀潻鐨勫師鍥犳垨鑰呰鍙橀潻鐨勫墠鏅湭鍏嶇壍寮洪檮浼氾紝鍥犱负BPR鏈潵灏辨槸涓嶆垚鐔熺殑瀛╁瓙锛岀敤瀛╁瓙鏉ユ敮鎾戜竴涓繏涓村嵄澧冪殑瀹跺鏄偅涔堢殑涓嶇幇瀹烇紝涔熸槸閭ｄ箞鐨勮浜哄績瀵掞紒

銆??褰撹祵寰掓妸鏈鑷繁娣辨?鐔熻檻鐨勯棶棰樹笉璐熻矗浠诲湴浜ょ粰涓?釜骞肩鐨勫瀛愭椂锛屼粬鏈川涓婂凡缁忔斁寮冧簡鑷繁鐨勬潈鍒╋紝閭ｄ箞绛夊緟浠栫殑鍙兘鏄け璐ャ?







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"Red Alert 3" Allies Battle of the task Raiders

First off, Britten Beach: Managing the Red Devils

Brighton Beach: Ride of the Red Menance

Task Background: Soviet armored units like gangbusters, capturing the Western Europe and want to win the United Kingdom, the United Kingdom in order to prevent the fall, our primary task is to destroy the Soviet vanguard landing.

Main objectives:

1, elimination of the Soviet Britten on the beach

2, destroy the Soviet reinforcements arrived

3, defeat the Soviet Navy

Secondary objectives:

1, the infantry stationed in the four civil building

2, occupying the hospital

3, repair of coastal artillery

4, 5 Javelin missile training soldiers

5, production of five multi-purpose vehicle

Mission began, I Fangbu Bing and the western end of war dogs appear on the map, so the infantry gradually advanced to the Soviet use of shields around the infantry, full shotgun firepower, wipe out all after the Soviet Army, produced a number of infantry in barracks, troops into The four civil side of the beach, the elimination of the Soviet airborne to the beach, then occupied with the engineers and artillery along the southernmost four hospitals, the Soviet Navy will launch several wave attack, including infantry, stingray missile boats, etc. we can be soldiers with Javelin missile defense, came to the offensive until the Dreadnought, we will automatically send bombers to come to the bombing of the century, before the arrival of the Soviet airship, rapid production of five or more multi-purpose vehicle, into the Javelin missile troops will enhance air defense capability, greater flexibility, all the airship shot down a smooth clearance.

2008/11/1 23:25

Second off, Cannes: shark and bait

Cannes: The Shark and the Lure

Task Background: The failure of the Soviet offensive Britain back to France, we organized a task force infiltrated the naval base, after the success can be expelled from France.

Main objectives:

1, to spy into the port construction

2, rescue Allied leaders

3, so Tanya access to the port administration building

4-class missile destroyers sunk the Soviet Union without fear

5, the destruction of the Soviet base

After the start, we have a small base in the west, so that spies disguised as the Soviet Union infantry to the west of the island after the tour the West entrance, into the plant quickly shut off the power, Tanya clearance to come ashore, killed along the infantry, blow up the storm tower, all the way in-depth island, cleared the island of enemy soldiers and facilities, and then let the spies into the two target buildings. Then generally able to eliminate the leaders of allies outside the Soviet Union where the building, completed the second task. Between the two islands in the Strait of things between, there are two bears fighting patrol back and forth, with Tanya to kill him, the spies ashore into the plant, Tanya, after some killings on the island, accounting for two to spy target architecture, then Tanya into the administration building, to blow up Soviet shipyards and ship. Then Soviet siege dreadnoughts will begin the middle of the port, we produce a number of vehicles in the base flood in an amphibious hovercraft (riptide ACV), the along the sea near to Dreadnought, with a torpedo to sink. Then produce large amounts of guardian tanks, so that engineers into the multi-purpose vehicle, with the hovercraft attack army base in the east wing of the Soviet Union, where terror robot into the tank, then use the multi-purpose vehicle maintenance, Also note that when the plant is destroyed will have a huge explosion, it may damage the surrounding tanks. After the destruction of this base in mission success.

1:37 2008/11/2

Third off, Heidelberg: glorious liberation

Heidelberg: The Famous Liberation

Task Background: The Soviet defeat in France back to Germany, Heidelberg, Tanya busy trial prisoners could not escape, so we could not leave the attack here.

Main objectives:

1 escort vehicle base

2, the destruction of the Iron Curtain Device

3, the destruction of four nuclear power plants

4, to destroy Su Junji

5, the destruction of the Soviet command

Secondary objectives:

1, to help Tanya

Our four hydrofoil (hydrofoil) escort vehicles along the forward base, destroying several aircraft Su Junwu central straight-wing craft to force storm water tower for the time being invalid, then let the allies destroyed the storm tower (click menu in the upper left corner allies attack key), a smooth landing after the base car, our production bases in the south of guardian of tanks, hovercraft and maintenance of vehicles, elimination of a small number of infantry after the capture of the Soviet nuclear power plant, then sending troops along the bridge across the river, destroying the edge of the Soviet Tanya small base in the eastern high ground of the Su Junji to deploy a large number of storm tower, to produce defenders fighter (vindicator) goal of building towers and air magnetic storms, and to ally with the action to destroy this base, the Soviets would send a few Apocalypse Tanks offensive side, with defenders is the half-way wreck. High ground outside the Soviet Army headquarters has four air defense towers, guarded by the two junctions are revelation, a direct attack with tank casualties will be very large, so the first bombarded with the defenders, weakening the garrison there, and then ground attack income, if a sufficient number of aircraft would also be directly targeted buildings, destroyed the headquarters of The campaign ended in the side.

3:08 2008/11/2

Fourth off, Gibraltar: a common enemy

Gibraltar: Enemy of Our Enemy

Task Background: The Soviet Union and the United States through the melee of the machines in Western Europe, Japan sent troops to Europe, the Soviet Union decided to temporarily cease-fire the two sides together against the Japanese.

Main objectives:

1, the destruction of the Japanese hangar

2 jailed for assault to rescue destroyer

3, to destroy the Japanese base

Secondary objectives:

1, the eradication of King Oni robots (king oni)

2, in the southwest of the island to establish forward bases

Tanya and Natasha start to appear when the map south of the highway exit, so be careful approach to the front Tanya, Natasha infantry attack, and calls to destroy tanks and attack aircraft construction, and the mountains there is a King of Ghosts patrol robot, only be an attack aircraft will be able to destroy it. North of the airport, the aircraft full of fuel, just explode it will cause a chain explosion, after all the bombing of our bases in the south, north of the construction of the base number of defensive structure in response to the Japanese ground offensive, use the defenders warplanes bombed a remote port on the west side of several defensive structure, can be successful while several destroyers and amphibious assault, the Japanese will soon be sent from the north and south sides of our fleet attacked the south by the Allies against the Japanese, we Available frozen helicopter (cryocopter) deal with the Japanese destroyer ships, and then let the destroyer landing southwest of the island, where elimination of the two King of Ghosts and the Japanese robot base, and expand tub, establishing forward bases and mines, and finally with a few car repair cars with the Soviet attack on Japanese bases in the north, destroying the target building a smooth clearance.

2008/11/2 16:10

Fifth off, the North Sea: a bottomless fortress

North Sea: The Unfathomable Fortress

Task Background: Following the success of joint operations, after the last Soviet Union, The campaign also will send a joint fleet to win the Japanese sea fortress in the North Atlantic.

Main objectives:

1, we salvage the sunken ship from the Japanese sea castle on the importance of access to information, to ensure that it is not sinking.

2, destroy the first ship radar ship.

3, the destruction of the second ship radar ship

4, the sea fortress occupying power center.

Secondary objectives:

1, the destruction of power plants

2, the occupation power plant

Outset of the mission we have four dolphins and four air defense ship, the Japanese fleet will come to attack from the north and east, after killing them with Soviet spies and Natasha will be sent, so that spies disguised as after the Japanese infantry into the plant, call Natasha will in turn destroy aircraft plants, and destroy the ship stopped at the port's radar. After the success of Tanya and the Soviet Army Corps of Engineers rushed to another island, so Tanya and killed the soldiers around the power plant, select plants click execution, engineers will automatically capture power plant, the island's Fang Yuta will be followed by a power failure Tanya finally blow up the radar ship. After we establish a base in the southwest area, the first Japanese troops to destroy the mines in the southeast, southeast of the island in the establishment of forward bases, occupied the two drilling platforms there, then the aircraft carrier, ship and air assault ship, the use of frozen ice attack helicopter came to the Japanese ships to live, you can also use the aircraft carrier to the other ship missiles for the time being invalid, then attack to destroy ships. The two wings of the Japanese fortress at sea, two shipyards were built, first with the allies destroyed the two shipyards, aircraft facilities, removal of coastal defense, patrolling the King Oni robots and military construction, followed by assault landing ship, cleaning the battlefield, shipped After the occupation of the power core of the two engineers, mission success.

Sixth off, Mount Rushmore: Monument Crazy

Mount Rushmore: A Monument to Madness

Task Background: Although the US-Soviet cooperation in the two actions are good, but the extreme anti-Communist U.S. President Ackerman (ackerman) but does not trust the Soviet Union, he pointed at a satellite in Moscow, and ready to use to deploy in the Mount Rushmore super-weapons attack the Soviet Union, we must stop the madness of his actions.

Main objectives:

1, the destruction of communication towers

2, the fire destroyed the base of Mount Rushmore

3, remove the U.S. President

Secondary objectives:

1, the destruction of power plants

2, occupied the barracks

3, the occupation Jefferson Head Control Center

4, occupying the Lincoln picture control center

5, the occupation picture control center in Washington

銆??浠诲姟寮?鍚庯紝璋泤甯﹂闂磋皪鍜屽伐绋嬪笀璧跺埌瑗块潰鍏佃惀杈癸紝鍏堝嚮姣欏鍥寸殑鍑犳潯鐙楋紝鐒跺悗閫変腑鐢靛巶锛屾寜鎵ц锛岄棿璋嶄細鍖栬鎴愮洘鍐涙鍏电殑妯℃牱杩涘叆鐢靛巶锛屽啀鐢ㄨ碍闆呭嚮姣欓噷闈㈢殑姝ュ叺锛岀偢鎺夐槻寰″锛岀敤宸ョ▼甯堝崰棰嗗叺钀ワ紝鎺ョ潃鏉ュ埌涓滈潰閫氳濉旇竟锛屾潃鎺夋鍏碉紝鐐告帀鍧﹀厠銆侀槻寰″缓绛戝拰閫氳濉旓紝鍦板浘鎷撳睍寮?悗锛屾垜鏂瑰湪瑗垮崡瑙掍笂寤虹珛鍩哄湴锛岀洘鍙嬭繘鏀讳綅浜庡寳闈㈢殑鎬荤粺鍩哄湴鏃讹紝鏉版枑閫娿?鏋楄偗鍜屽崕鐩涢】澶村儚鐨勭溂涓皢浼氬彂灏勮繙绋嬮暛灏勬縺鍏夛紝鍑绘瘉杩涙敾鐨勫潶鍏嬶紝鎴戞柟椤诲缓绔嬫満鍦猴紝鐢熶骇涓?灦涓栫邯杞扮偢鏈猴紝鏀惧叆宸ョ▼甯堬紝鐒跺悗閬垮紑闃茬┖璁炬柦锛岄鍒颁綅浜庡湴鍥句笢鍗椼?涓滃寳銆佽タ鍖椾笁涓涓婄殑澶村儚鎺у埗涓績涓婃柟锛岃宸ョ▼甯堣烦浼烇紝鍗犻杩欎笁涓帶鍒朵腑蹇冿紝鎺ョ潃鐢熶骇12鏋朵笘绾桨鐐告満鍜?鏋堕樋娉㈢綏绌轰紭鎴樻満锛屽厛鐢ㄨ桨鐐告満鐐告瘉浣嶄簬鎬荤粺鍩哄湴涓ぎ鐨勭伀鍔涘熀鍦帮紝涔嬪悗鍩哄湴娲惧嚭鍦伴潰閮ㄩ槦鐚涙敾鎴戞柟锛屽彲閫犲够褰卞潶鍏嬫姷鎸★紝鎬荤粺椹鹃┒鏋楄偗杞胯溅鏉ュ埌鍗楅潰宄¤胺涓惌涔樼洿鍗囨満锛岀瓑鍒拌捣椋炰互鍚庯紝鎴戞柟鐢ㄩ樋娉㈢綏灏嗗叾鍑昏惤锛屼换鍔″畬鎴愩?

銆??19:05 2008/11/2

銆??绗竷鍏炽?涓滀含婀撅細鏈?悗鏃ヨ惤

銆??Tokyo Harbor: Forever Sets the Sun

銆??浠诲姟鑳屾櫙锛氶櫎鎺変抚蹇冪梾鐙傜殑鎬荤粺涔嬪悗锛屾垜鏂瑰拰鑻忚仈鑱斿悎杩涙敾鏃ユ湰锛屾棩鍐涢鑴戞鍑嗗鑱氶泦鍦ㄤ笢浜彫寮?細璁紝杩欐槸鎴戞柟灏嗗叾涓?綉鎵撳敖鐨勬渶濂芥椂鏈恒?

Main objectives:

銆??1銆佸畧浣忛樀鍦帮紝绛夊緟鑻忓啗澧炴彺

銆??2銆佸皢鍩哄湴杞﹁繍鍒板宀?br />
銆??3銆佹秷鐏棩鍐?br />
銆??4銆佹懅姣佺帇鍌ㄧ殑鑸伴槦

Secondary objectives:

銆??1銆佹懅姣佹棩鏈嫤鎴嫃鍐涚殑鑸伴槦

銆??鎴戞柟鍜岀洘鍙嬪湪瑗块潰鐨勫矝涓婂缓绔嬩簡鍩哄湴锛屾棩鍐涘湪涓滈儴娴峰煙閮ㄧ讲浜嗛槻寰″缓绛戝強鑸瑰巶锛屼互鎷︽埅鍙兘鍒版潵鐨勮嫃鍐涜埌闃燂紝骞跺彂鍏靛湪宀涘笨娌垮哺寤虹珛鍏佃惀鍙婇噸宸ワ紝鐚涙敾鎴戞柟鍩哄湴锛岀敓浜у够褰卞潶鍏嬪拰澶氬姛鑳借溅鐡﹁В鍏舵敾鍔垮悗锛屾懅姣佹棩鍐涙部宀哥殑寤虹瓚锛岃緟鍔╃洘鍙嬭繘琛岄槻瀹堬紝浠ュ厤澶遍櫡锛屽浜庡皠绋嬭緝杩滅殑灏嗗啗鎴樿埌(shogun battleship)锛屽彲鍒╃敤绌哄啗鎽ф瘉锛岀敱浜庤祫閲戝強鏃堕棿鐨勭煭缂猴紝鏃ュ啗鏀诲娍鍑屽帀锛屾垜鏂规棤娉曞強鏃跺彂灞曟捣鍐涳紝鎽ф瘉娴烽潰涓婄殑鏃ユ湰鎷︽埅鑸伴槦锛屽洜姝よ嫃鑱旇埌闃熸病鏈夊強鏃舵姷杈俱?鍦ㄦ棩鏈彂灏勭伒鑳芥鍣?psionic decimator)鍚庯紝鎴戞柟鍦ㄥ矝涓婄殑鍩哄湴鍑犱箮琚瘉锛屽彧鑳藉皢涓诲熀鍦板彉鎴愬熀鍦拌溅锛屽埄鐢ㄨ秴鏃剁┖杞崲浠皢瀹冮?鍒板宀哥殑鎸囧畾浣嶇疆閲嶆柊鍙戝睍锛屽湪鍩哄湴澶栧洿绔栬捣鍏夋１濉旓紝鐢熶骇涓?壒骞诲奖鍧﹀厠銆佸鍔熻兘杞﹀拰闆呭吀濞滃姞鍐滅偖(athena cannon)浠ュ悗锛屾敾涓嬩腑閮ㄥ崐宀涗笂鐨勬棩鍐涘熀鍦帮紝鍦ㄩ偅閲屽缓绔嬪墠杩涘熀鍦帮紝寮?釜鍒嗙熆锛岀劧鍚庝娇鐢ㄤ笘绾桨鐐告満鎴栨墳鍗?鎴樻満瀹氱偣杞扮偢浣嶄簬涓滃崡瑙掑拰瑗垮寳瑙掍笂鐨勬棩鍐涘熀鍦帮紝鎽ф瘉鎸囧畾鐩爣銆傝嚦浜庤タ闈㈡捣鍩熺殑鏃ュ啗鑸伴槦鍜屽矝涓婄洰鏍囷紝鍙渶浜ょ粰鐩熷弸澶勭悊銆傚湪姝ゅ焦涓紝鏃ュ啗鍦ㄨタ鍖楄鐨勫熀鍦伴槻瀹堣緝涓轰弗瀵嗭紝濡傛灉浣跨敤闄嗗啗杩涙敾锛屽彲鑳介伃鍒拌嚜鏉?紡椋炴満鍜岀┖鎶曠偢寮圭殑琚嚮锛岄槻涓嶈儨闃诧紝鍔犱箣鏃ュ啗鐐鍜屽０娉㈢偖鐨勫皠绋嬮兘寰堣繙锛岄鐜嬫満鍣ㄤ汉涔熷緢澶氾紝浼や骸鍔垮繀鎯ㄩ噸锛屽洜姝や娇鐢ㄧ┖鍐涘揩杩涘揩鍑烘墠鏄渶濂界殑閫夋嫨銆?br />
銆??23:29 2008/11/2

銆??绗叓鍏炽?鍝堢摝閭ｏ細澶ф崟鐔婂

銆??Havana: The Great Bear Trap

Task Background:

銆??涓滀含婀句箣褰瑰彇寰楄儨鍒╀箣鍚庯紝鑻忚仈鐨勫崥澹辰浼︽柉鍩哄崥澹彌鍙樹簡鑻忚仈锛岃鍑轰簡鍥炲埌杩囧幓鏀瑰彉鍘嗗彶鐨勫疄鎯咃紝骞跺憡鐭ョ洘鍐涙煡涓圭鎬荤悊婊″槾璋庤█锛屾棤鎰忎簬鑱旂編鎶楁棩锛岀洰鍓嶅凡鍦ㄥ彜宸村缓绔嬫捣鍐涳紝姝ｅ噯澶囦己鏈鸿繘鏀荤洘鍐涖?

Main objectives:

銆??1銆佽皟鏌ュ搱鐡﹂偅鑻忓啗鐨勬椿鍔?br />
銆??2銆佹壘鍒拌嫃鍐涘熀鍦?br />
銆??3銆佹懅姣佹墍鍐涘熀鍦?br />
銆??4銆佹懅姣佸熀娲涘か鍙戝皠鍦?br />
銆??5銆佷笉瑕佽鍩烘礇澶寮?搱鐡﹂偅

Secondary objectives:

銆??1銆佺敤闂磋皪鏀朵拱鍗佷釜鑻忚仈澹叺

銆??鎴戞柟鏈変袱鍚嶉棿璋嶅拰涓ゆ潯鐙楄窡闅忎吉瑁呮垚澶╁惎鐨勫够褰卞潶鍏嬩笂浜嗗哺锛岄棿璋嶅寲瑁呮垚鑻忓啗鍚庡埄鐢ㄦ妧鑳芥敹涔颁粬浠紝甯︾潃杩欎簺閮ㄩ槦鍖椾笂鎵惧埌鑻忚仈灏忓瀷鍩哄湴锛屾懅姣佷箣鍚庤嫃鍐涗粠浣撹偛鍦轰腑鍗囪捣鍩烘礇澶紝姝肩伃浜嗗仠鐣欏湪鍩哄湴鏃侀棿璋嶆敹涔扮殑閮ㄩ槦锛屾垜鏂逛細杩愭潵鍩哄湴杞︼紝鍦ㄥ矝灞垮崡闈㈠缓绔嬪熀鍦帮紝浣跨敤鎵炲崼鑰呮垬鏈哄畾鐐规竻闄や笢鍗楄鍗婂矝涓婄殑闃茬┖璁炬柦锛岀劧鍚庢懅姣佷笢鍗楄涓婂彂灏勫熀娲涘か鐨勪綋鑲插満锛岀敓浜ц嫢骞茶締骞诲奖鍧﹀厠鎶垫尅鑻忓啗浠庡寳闈㈡潵鐨勫啗闃燂紝娴峰哺杈瑰贰寮嬭?杩囩殑鏃犵晱鑸板彲鐢ㄧ┖鍐涘浠樸?鑻忓啗姣忛殧涓?鏃堕棿灏变粠鍖楅潰鐨勫嚑涓綋鑲插満涓崌璧峰熀娲涘か锛屽線鍖楄?鍘荤殑椋炶墖鍙鐩熷弸娲惧叺鍑昏惤锛屽線鍗楄?鏉ョ殑椋炶墖鎴戞柟鍙敤闃挎尝缃楀嚮钀斤紝鑻忓啗鐨勫湴闈㈤儴闃熷彲鐢ㄦ妧鑳戒腑鐨勮秴鏃剁┖鐐稿脊鐐告瘉锛屼笌姝ゅ悓鏃讹紝鎴戞柟搴旈泦涓湴闈㈤儴闃熷悜鍖楃寷鏀伙紝姝ゅ焦涓嫃鍐涢樀鍦板ぇ澶氬彧鏈夋満鏋紝灏戞暟鍑犱釜纾佹毚濉斿缓鍦ㄤ笢鍖楅潰鐨勬捣娓锛屽洜姝ゅ湴闈㈣繘鏀诲崄鍒嗛『鍒╋紝鍙渶鎽ф瘉灏戞暟澶╁惎鍧﹀厠渚垮彲鎵撲笅鎵?湁浣撹偛鍦恒?

銆??0:57 2008/11/3

銆??绗節鍏炽?鍒楀畞鏍煎嫆锛氭湀鐞冮涓?br />
銆??Leningrad: The Moon Shall Never Have Them

銆??浠诲姟鑳屾櫙锛氳嫃鍐涘湪鍝堢摝閭ｆ垬璐ュ悗锛岀洘鍐涗箻鑳滆拷鍑伙紝鏀诲叆鑻忚仈鏈湡锛岃繘閫煎垪瀹佹牸鍕掞紝濡傝兘澶哄彇姝ゅ湴锛屾垬浜変究灏嗙粨鏉熴?鍋氬畬浠诲姟绠?姤涔嬪悗锛屽コ鎯呮姤瀹橀個璇锋寚鎸ュ畼鍦ㄧ粨鏉熸褰瑰悗鍒板ス鐨勫叕瀵撳叡杩涙櫄椁愩?

Main objectives:

銆??1銆佸湪鎸囧畾鍦扮偣寤虹珛涓诲熀鍦?

銆??2銆佸湪鎸囧畾鍦扮偣寤虹珛涓诲熀鍦?

銆??3銆佹竻闄ら珮鍦颁笂鐨勮嫃鍐?br />
銆??4銆佹懅姣佷竷涓搧骞曡缃?br />
銆??5銆佹懅姣佹?鐞嗙殑鍩庡牎

Secondary objectives:

銆??1銆佹懅姣佺湡绌鸿仛鐖嗗櫒

銆??鍦ㄥ啺鍐荤洿鍗囨満灏嗕富鍩哄湴缂╁皬浠ュ悗锛岃瀹冩部鐫?矝灞垮崡闈㈢殑灏忛亾璧帮紝閬垮紑宸￠?鐨勮嫃鍐涘湴闈㈤儴闃燂紝璧跺埌鎸囧畾鍦扮偣2灞曞紑(鍙︿竴涓富鍩哄湴鐢辩洘鍙嬫寚鎸?锛屾垜鏂逛細浣跨敤瓒呮椂绌鸿浆鎹华杩愭潵鍑犺締骞诲奖鍧﹀厠锛屼娇鐢ㄨ繖浜涘潶鍏嬫竻闄ら珮鍦颁笂鐨勮嫃鍐涳紝韬插湪涓ぎ宀涘笨鍩庡牎涓殑鎬荤悊鎯宠鍙戝皠鐏閫冨線澶┖锛屼竷涓搧骞曡缃‘淇濆煄鍫′笉鍙楁敾鍑伙紝鍥犳鎴戜滑蹇呴』鍏堟懅姣佹墍鏈夐搧骞曘?棣栧厛鍗犻鍦板浘涓婄殑涓や釜娌逛簳锛岀敤骞诲奖銆佸鍔熻兘杞︺?缁翠慨杞︾殑閰嶅悎鎽ф瘉涓滃崡闈㈠崐宀涗笂闈犺繎鍩哄湴鐨勯偅涓搧骞曡缃紝鏈?笢闈㈢殑閾佸箷鍛ㄥ洿寤虹瓚閲屽叏閮ㄩ兘鏄鍏碉紝鍙厛鐢ㄩ泤鍏稿鎽ф瘉寤虹瓚锛岀劧鍚庡埄鐢ㄥ缓绛戠殑绌洪殭鏀诲嚮閾佸箷锛屼箣鍚庤嫃鍐涚殑瀵煎脊鍏典細鍙戣捣涓?疆鏀诲嚮锛岃璋泤灏嗗叾鍏ㄩ儴鍑绘瘷銆傜敱浜庡崐宀涗笂鏈?悗涓?釜閾佸箷鍛ㄥ洿鍏ㄩ儴閮芥槸鏈哄満锛岃嫃鍐涚殑鎴樻満鍓嶅悗宸￠?锛屾垜鏂圭殑鎴樻満寰堥毦椋炰复涓婃柟锛屽嵆浣挎淳鍑轰篃寰堥毦鍥炴潵銆傚洜姝ゅ彧鑳界敤瓒呮椂绌虹偢寮规懅姣侀儴缃插湪閭ｉ噷鐨勫嚑杈嗗潶鍏嬶紝鐒跺悗璁╀紴鍏垫懅姣侀搧骞曘?涓滃寳瑙掍笂鐨勯搧骞曠鎴戞柟鍩哄湴寰堣繙锛岄?涓悗鍏堣鐩熷弸浣跨敤瓒呮鏀诲嚮锛岀劧鍚庢垜鏂逛篃鍙戝皠瓒呮锛屼袱娆¤秴姝︽敾鍑昏冻浠ユ懅姣侀搧骞曪紝涓湡鍦ㄨ繖閲屽缓绔嬬殑鐪熺┖鑱氱垎鍣ㄥ彲鐢ㄤ紴鍏垫懅姣侊紝鍚屾椂璁╀粬浠墦鎺夐偅閲岀殑鍑犱釜鏈哄満锛屽噺灏戞垜鏂圭殑绌轰腑鍘嬪姏銆傝タ鍖楅潰鍗婂矝涓婄殑瓒呮鏈?鍥寸殑涓や釜鍙懡浠ょ洘鍙嬫秷鐏紝楂樺湴涓婄殑閭ｄ釜鐢ㄤ紴鍏佃В鍐炽?涓冧釜閾佸箷琚瘉鍚庯紝涓ぎ宀涘笨涓婃?鐞嗙殑鍩庡牎澶卞幓淇濇姢锛屽厛鐢ㄨ秴姝︽敾鍑荤伀绠紝鍛ㄥ洿鐨勫寮硅溅澶у琚瘉锛岀劧鍚庣敤瓒呮椂绌鸿浆鎹华灏嗗够褰卞拰闆呭吀濞滆溅杞Щ鍒扮伀绠竟涓婏紝鎽ф瘉鐏锛屽墠鏉ユ敾鍑绘垜鏂瑰熀鍦扮殑鏃犵晱鑸板垯鐢ㄤ笘绾桨鐐告満鐐告矇锛屽叾浠栬嫃鍐涚┖鍐涘崟浣嶅叏閮ㄧ敤澶氬姛鑳借溅鍑昏惤銆備换鍔″畬鎴愪箣鍚庯紝鎯呮姤瀹樺拰璋泤鎹笂鏅氱ぜ鏈嶏紝閮戒細閭?鎸囨尌瀹樺弬鍔犲ス浠殑鏅氫細銆?br />






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